纳米β-Cu的制备及其对超细AP的催化性能

Preparation of Nano-sized β-Cu and Its Catalytic Effects on Ammonium Perchlorate

采用湿法机械研磨法制备了纳米2,4-二羟基苯甲酸铜(β-Cu)。通过X射线粉末衍射仪(XRD)、场发射扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)表征了β-Cu颗粒的结构、粒径及形貌。同时,研究了纳米β-Cu对高氯酸铵(AP)的催化性能。结果表明,β-Cu颗粒粒径约为100 nm,呈类球形。DSC分析表明,纳米β-Cu对6μm和1μm超细AP具有显著的催化作用,可使二者的高温分解峰温分别降低至373.1℃和351.2℃;表观分解热分别增加至1529 J·g-1和1513 J·g-1;反应速率常数分别提高近10倍。相比6μm AP,纳米β-Cu对1μm AP具有更好的催化效果,使其高温分解峰温更低,反应速率常数更大。

Nano β-Cu（ copper β-resorcylate） were prepared via a facile wet mechanical grinding method,and were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction（ XRD）,field emission scanning electron microscopy（ FE-SEM） and transmission electron microscopy（ TEM）. Meanwhile,the catalytic properties of nano β-Cu were investigated. Results reveal that the nano β-Cu is semi-spherical and homogeneous with a fairly uniform size of 100 nm. DSC results show that the nano β-Cu has significant catalytic effects on ultra-fine AP with different particle size. The peak temperature of decomposition in the high temperature range for 6 μm and 1 μm AP decreases to 373. 1 ℃ and 351. 2 ℃,respectively,and the apparent decomposition heat increases to 1529 J·g-1and 1513 J·g-1,respectively. And the reaction rate constant increases about 10 times. Compared with 6 μm AP,nano β-Cu makes the peak temperature of the high temperature decomposition of 1 μm AP obviously lower,and the reaction rate constant much higher,indicating nano β-Cu exhibits much better catalytic efficiency for accelerating the thermal decomposition of 1 μm AP.