纯电动汽车制动能量回收系统测评方法研究

Research on method for evaluating braking energy recovery efficiency of battery electric vehicles

制动能量回收作为纯电动汽车提高能量利用效率的重要技术之一,尚缺乏统一的测评指标.在研究纯电动汽车制动能量回收路线及相应结构装置的基础上,从整车试验的角度出发,提出纯电动汽车测试中的"制动能量回收效率"指标.对比分析车辆行驶阻力的2种计算方法发现:不进行滑行试验,采用理论计算法也可较好地反映车辆实际的能耗状况.根据试验数据计算了3种EV车型在NEDC工况下制动能量回收效率,并结合车型参数进行了对比分析,结果表明:电池、电机参数与整车匹配性较好的纯电动汽车往往能够更好地回收利用制动能量.

As an important technology for battery electric vehicles to improve energy efficiency, braking en- ergy recovery is lack of a unified evaluation index. Based on analyzing of the energy flow during the bra- king energy recovery process and relevant devices of battery electric vehicles, and from the perspective of the vehicle test, braking energy recovery efficiency index of battery electric vehicles is proposed. Compara- tive analysis of 2 kinds of calculation methods for driving resistance shows that theoretical calculation can reflect the actual energy consumption condition well without coasting test. According to the model parame- ters and experimental data under the New European Driving Cycle （NEDC） condition, braking energy re- covery efficiency of 3 kinds of EV models are calculated and compared. The results show that if the battery and motor parameters match the vehicle well, the battery electric vehicle is likely to recover a greater pro- portion of braking energy.