安阳地区首次无偿献血志愿者与互助献血者血液检测结果分析

Analysis on results of blood test for first-time blood donation volunteers and mutual-aid blood donors in Anyang area

目的分析安阳地区首次无偿献血志愿者与互助献血者的血液检验结果,以提高临床对不同类型献血者特点的认知,提高输血安全性。方法选取2013年1～12月安阳地区31 363例首次无偿献血志愿者（首次献血组）及1 046例互助献血者（对照组）,比较血液检测情况,并分析影响献血者血液质量的相关因素。结果首次献血组不合格1 160例,不合格率为3.70%;对照组不合格17例,不合格率为1.62%;两组不合格率比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。不合格血液检验结果比较显示,首次献血组中不合格献血者丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、丙型肝炎病毒抗体（抗-HCV）、人类免疫缺陷病毒抗体（抗-HIV）、乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原（HBsAg）及梅毒阳性的构成比分别为37.67%、12.59%、8.79%、31.38%、9.57%,而在互助组中分别为29.41%、17.65%、5.88%、35.30%、11.76%,且两组ALT阳性献血者构成比比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。两组不合格献血者性别、年龄、工种分布上比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论首次无偿献血志愿者血液检验不合格发生率较高,需要加强输血前的筛查和管理,以保证输血安全。

Objective To analyze results of blood test for first‐time blood donation volunteers and mutual‐aid blood donors in Anyang area ,in order to improve cognition of characteristics of different blood donors and safety of blood transfusion .Methods A total of 31 363 cases of first‐time blood donation volunteers（first‐time blood donation group） and 1 046 cases of mutual‐aid blood donors（control group） from January to December 2013 in Anyang area were collected .The results of blood tests were compared and related factors affected qualities of blood were analysed .Results A total of 1 160 cases of donors in the first‐time blood donation group were failed to pass the blood test and the unqualified rate was 3 .70% ,in the control group 17 cases of donors failed to pass the blood test and the unqualified rate was 1 .62% ;the difference was statistically significant （P〈0 .05） .The test results of unqual‐ified blood samples shown that in the first‐time blood donation group the constituent ratios of alanine aminotransferase（ALT） ,anti‐body to hepatitis C virus（anti‐HCV） ,antibody to human immunodeficiency virus（anti‐HIV） ,hepatitis B surface antigen（HBsAg） and syphilis positive blood donors were 37 .67% ,12 .59% ,8 .79% ,31 .38% and 9 .57% respectively ,and those in the control group were 29 .41% ,17 .65% ,5 .88% ,35 .30% and 11 .76% respectively .The constituent ratio of ALT positive blood donors between the two groups had statistically significant difference（P〈0 .05） .There were statistically significant differences in gender ,age and occu‐pations between unqualified blood donors in the two groups（P〈0 .05） .Conclusion The first‐time blood donation volunteers might have relatively higher unqualified rate in blood test ,it is necessary to enhance blood screening and management before transfusion , in order to ensure safety of blood transfusion .