直流微电机电枢电流特性及故障多特征量研究

Study on properties of armature current for micro DC motors and multiple features of fault diagnosis

针对直流微电机生产线上故障检测环节难以自动化的问题,提出一种基于故障多特征量的直流微电机故障诊断模型。通过分析空载和稳态下直流微电机的动态数学模型,推导出电枢电流的时域解析式,确定基于电枢电流的频域故障多特征量。以数台直流微电机为实验样本,分析其电枢电流时频域特征,对典型故障直流微电机运用定义的故障多特征量进行故障分析。实验结果表明不同故障电机的多特征量变化率明显不同,该故障多特征量可以被用来诊断直流微电机。

A fault diagnostic model for the micro direct-current motor （ MDCM） was presented, which is used to solve the problem that MDCMs can′t be automatically inspected on the production line. The meth-od was based on multiple features of the armature current. The analytical expression for the armature cur-rent was obtained from the dynamic model of MDCM under no-load and steady-state operation conditions. The multiple features based on the armature current were confirmed. The experiments on several motors with the representative failures were studied. The time-frequency domain features of the current for the MDCM were analyzed. The fault mechanism were analyzed by using the multiple features mentioned a-bove. The experimental results show that the relative changes of the multiple features in different fault ca-ses are different and the multiple features can be utilized as the fault diagnostic indices.