寒地超级稻龙粳31高产栽培氮肥运筹研究

Study on Nitrogen Application of High-yield Cultivation of Super Rice Longjing 31 in Cold Region

为了探索合理的氮肥运筹方式,以寒地超级稻龙粳31为试验材料,研究不同氮肥运筹对产量及干物质积累的影响。结果表明:前期施氮量多可以显著提高单位面积穗数,但会显著降低每穗粒数和千粒重;施氮135kg·hm-2,底肥、返青分蘖肥、穗肥、粒肥各占40%、30%、20%、10%龙粳31产量最高,与其它处理均差异显著。分蘖盛期和齐穗期干物质重均以底肥60%处理最多,而齐穗期至成熟期干物质积累量则以底肥40%处理最多。分蘖盛期和齐穗期干物质重均与产量呈先上升后下降的二次曲线关系,齐穗至成熟期干物质积累量则与产量呈直线上升关系。

In order to explore a reasonable way of nitrogen fertilizer management ,the effect of different nitrogen application（NA） on yield and accumulation of dry matter of super rice Longjing 31 in cold region was studied . The results showed that the more nitrogen in the early stage could significantly increase panicles per unit area , but significantly reduce grains per panicle and 1000‐grain weight .The yield of NA3 treatment（nitrogen fertiliz‐er135 kg · hm‐2 ,base fertilizer 40% ,tillering fertilizer 30% ,panicle fertilizer 20% ,seed fertilizer 10% ） of Longjing 31 was the highest .Dry matter weight of NA4 treatment（nitrogen fertilizer 135 kg-hm‐2 ,base fertiliz‐er 60% ,tillering fertilizer 20% ,panicle fertilizer 20% ） was the highest in tillering vigorous stage and full head‐ing stage ,and dry matter accumulation after full heading stage of NA3 treatment was the highest .Dry matter weight of tillering vigorous stage and full heading stage and yield had a conic curve relationship .Dry matter ac‐cumulation after full heading stage had a positive relationship with the yield .Thus nitrogen application of NA3 treatment was more suitable for super rice Longjing 31 .