池火灾环境下原油储罐区安全距离的研究

Study on safety distance in crude oil tank area exposed to pool fire

采用经验公式与数值计算相结合的方式研究火灾环境下储罐区安全距离。与NFPA 30-2012进行对比,初步提出了国内现行规范存在的问题。设置不同火灾工况,以邻近储罐内罐壁的最不利点温度值作为判据,分析在不同储罐直径与间距比情况下火灾是否蔓延,判断安全距离设定的合理性。结果表明:与浮顶罐相比,固定罐表面温度更容易升高,原因为混凝土的传热能力小于钢材。现行规范要求的0.4 D的安全距离不能满足池火灾环境罐区安全的要求,罐区内储罐间距应该提高至0.8 D,罐区间储罐间距应提高至1.0D。

Based on the methodology of combination of empirical formula and numerical calculation, the safe distance in crude oil area exposed to pool fire was discussed. Compared with NFPA 30--2012, some problems in the Code were put forward. With different scenarios of pool fire, the fire spread,judged by tem- perature of inner wall of tank at most unfavorable point, was studied under the conditions of different ratio of tank diameter to distance, to make sure the rationality of safety distance. The results showed that, compare with the floating roof tank, the surface temperature of fixed tank was easy to raise, because of the lower thermal conduction of concrete than steel. The safety distance of 0. 4D of current Code could not meet the require- merits of safety of target tanks exposed to pool fire,and the dis tance of tanks in an area should be raised to O. 8D,wbde then it should be raised to 1. OD between different tanks area.