美国的消防监督管理及其借鉴

American fire management and its reference

以具有代表性的马萨诸塞州波士顿为例,介绍其消防监督管理的主要内容、基本流程,包括建筑使用许可、材料燃烧性能管制、消防设计审核、消防安全违法行为查处、特殊危险作业和重点场所监督等,从法规依据、运行流程、部门联动、多元参与等方面分析特点。结合中国国情并借鉴美国做法,提出调整监管内容、优化监管方式、发挥多元主体作用等建议。

Introduced the main content and basic process of fire prevention in Boston, Massachusetts, including certificate of occupancy/plans review, material combustion characteristic management, fire design review, illegal fire safety behavior in- spection, special hazards and special occupancy supervision, etc. Analyzed the features considering regulation basic, func- tion process, department linkage and multivariate participation. With analysis of China＇s situation and reference American prac- tice, proposed suggestions such as adjusting supervision con- tent, optimizing supervision mode, and develop multivariate effect.