骨髓间充质干细胞藻酸钙移植物与复合降解膜修复皮肤缺损

Calcium alginate/bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells combined with degradation membrane for repair of skin defects

背景:一直以来学者们认为皮肤移植是修复大面积组织缺损最有效的方法,但都存在供体来源限制和免疫排斥反应等问题,因此,加速真皮的构建在皮肤组织工程中极为重要。目的:观察骨髓间充质干细胞藻酸钙凝胶、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子复合缓释降解膜修复皮肤缺损的效果。方法:新西兰大耳白兔15只,取其自体髂骨骨髓,体外分离出骨髓间充质干细胞进行培养、扩增、传代并纯化备用;制作皮肤全层缺损模型3处,随机植入自体骨髓间充质干细胞藻酸钙凝胶、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子复合降解膜(实验组),自体骨髓间充质干细胞藻酸钙凝胶(对照1组),不含骨髓间充质干细胞的藻酸钙凝胶(对照2组),术后均用羊膜覆盖创面。术后7,14,21 d取新生创面组织,进行苏木精-伊红染色、免疫组织化学染色及图像分析仪测定。结果与结论:实验组皮下真皮组织增生明显,其成纤维细胞、血管及胶原纤维较多,特别是术后14,21 d表皮增生较快,其覆盖范围较大,术后21 d,新生表皮大多重建呈多层结构,明显优于对照1组和对照2组。由此可见,骨髓间充质干细胞藻酸钙凝胶和碱性成纤维细胞生长因子复合降解膜植入皮肤缺损局部,加速了真皮组织的再生修复,从而促进表皮的再生和重建。

BACKGROUND：Skin transplantation is regarded as the most effective therapy for large-area skin defects, which is limited by donor sources and immune rejection. Therefore, it is extremely accelerate the construction of the dermis in skin tissue engineering. OBJECTIVE：To investigate the effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels/calcium alginate gel, basic＆nbsp;fibroblast growth factor and degradation membrane on the repair of ful-thickness skin defects. METHODS：Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels were isolated from 15 New Zealand rabbits, and then cultured, amplified, subcultured and purified. Three ful-thickness skin defects were made on the back of every rabbit, and randomly treated with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels/calcium alginate gel, basic fibroblast growth factor and degradation membrane as experimental group, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels/calcium alginate gel as control 1 group, and calcium alginate gel as control 2 group. The wounds were al covered with amniotic membrane. After 7, 14, 21 days, new wound tissues were taken for hematoxylin-eosin staining, immunohistochemistry staining and image analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： Dermis tissues in the experimental group were obviously thicker than those in control 1 and control 2 groups; there were more fibroblasts, vessels and colagen fibers in the experimental group. Especialy at 14 and 21 days after operation, epidermal hyperplasia was faster with a larger coverage area in the experimental group, and at 21 days, the new epidermal tissues mainly exhibited multi-layered structure, which was superior to the control 1 and 2 groups. It folows that the combination of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels/calcium alginate gel, basic fibroblast growth factor and degradation membrane for skin defects can accelerate the repair and regeneration of the dermis, and thus promote the epidermis regeneration and reconstruction.