北沙牛保种现状及其品种特征的研究

Present Conservation Situation of Beisha Cattle and its characteristics

[目的]本研究就北沙牛的名称及其来源进行了深入考证。[方法]观测北沙牛的体貌特征和体尺指标,进行了成年牛的屠宰测定。[结果]显示:与1980年测定数据相比,保种群体的体型外貌仍保留了原有品种特征,但是主要体尺指标明显降低,品种衰退严重;良好的营养饲养条件,可使北沙牛的生长性能得到较好发挥,2岁的北沙牛的公母牛体重分别为340kg,305kg,比1980年显著提高;成年北沙牛的屠宰平均屠宰率为57.2%,净肉率48.2%,优质切块具有一定的大理石纹。[结论]成年北沙牛是生产高端牛肉的理想品种。

【Objective】Beisha cattle is a kind of cattle which mainly habitats in coastal Ningbo area.With a taller body shape and higher disease resistance,Beisha cattle adapts to the specific local climate.In this study,the name and origin of Beisha cattle were studied.【Method】The observation of physical feature and body measurement of Beisha cattle was carried out as well as the slaughter determination of adult Beisha cattle was performed.【Result】The result showed that both the appearance and body size of the conservation population retained the original characteristics.However,the main body measurement index decreased,and the variety significantly declined compared to the data in 1980.In the condition,higher nutrient level feeding would make Beisha cattle get better improvement of growth performance.2-year-old bull and cow weighed 340 kg and 305 kg,respectively,which obviously increased than the data in1980.The average slaughter percentage was 57.2% and meat percentage was 48.2% as well as the meat had marbling.【Conclusion】Beisha cattle was an ideal kind of high-end beef production.