从日本的新年食品看日本人“清净和寂”的精神世界

Viewing the “Pureness,Contentedness,Harmoniousness,and Calmness” of the Inner World of Japanese People from Their New Year Food

日本的新年即"元旦",是从古代中国传到日本去的节日,在新年习俗方面中日两国有诸多相同之处,但是在新年饮食方面却大相径庭。与中国新年饮食满桌珍馐佳肴截然不同的是日本的新年饮食比较简朴,以素食为主,并且比较清淡。造成这一现象的原因有很多,既与历史上日本天皇曾因笃信佛教而颁发"肉食禁令"有关,也与日本传统社会风俗以及民间传说的影响有关,尤其与日本传统文化中不贪图享受、将日常起居均视为修行,崇尚简朴自然,追求"清静和寂"的精神信仰有密不可分的关系。

Japanese New Year is on January 1, which was brought in from ancient China.While there are a lot of similarities in customs of celebrating the festival in the two countries, they are quite different in terms of the New Year food.Contrary to tables of delicacies in China, the Japanese people prefer very simple and plain meals mainly with vegetarian.The causes of the practice include：a devout Buddhist Emperor of Japan had issued a“Meat Ban”in the history;the traditional Japanese social customs and folklores advocate vegetarian diets;and most important, the Japanese traditional culture calls for people not to prefer leisure but to take daily routines as religious cultiva-tion, to value naturality and simplicity, and to seek spiritual beliefs of“pureness, contentedness, harmoniousness, and calmness”.