缺血性结肠炎75例临床特征分析

Clinical Characteristics of Ischemic Colitis:An Analysis of 75 Patients

背景:随着我国人口老龄化的加剧,缺血性结肠炎(IC)的发病率逐年增加。IC缺乏特异性临床表现,延迟诊断或误诊的发生率较高。目的:探讨IC的临床特征,提高其早期诊断和治疗水平。方法:回顾性分析2009年1月-2014年12月乌鲁木齐总医院75例IC患者的临床表现和内镜下特点。结果:IC多发生于60岁以上老年人,女性多于男性,多数患有高血压、冠心病、糖尿病、高脂血症、心律失常等基础疾病,结肠镜检查和药物亦可引起IC。临床表现主要为腹痛、便血和腹泻,病变主要位于左半结肠,发病类型以一过型IC最多见。结论:具有相关基础疾病的老年人出现腹痛、便血、腹泻表现者,应警惕IC可能,并尽早行结肠镜和病理检查。经及时治疗,IC预后良好。

Background： The incidence of ischemic colitis （IC） is increasing in recent years with the aging of population, and the rate of delayed diagnosis or misdiagnosis is high because of the lacking of specific clinical characteristics. Aims： To study the clinical characteristics of IC so as to improve its early diagnosis and treatment. Methods： The clinical and endoscopic characteristics of 75 IC patients from Jan. 2009 to Dec. 2014 at Urumqi General Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Results： IC usually occurred in elderly patients with age ≥60 years, females were more common. Most patients had underlying diseases, including hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes, hyperlipidemia and arrhythmia, etc. Colonoscopy and medications could also induce IC. The main clinical presentations were abdominal pain, hematochezia and diarrhea. The lesions were mostly located in left colon and of the transient type. Conclusions： IC should be suspected when elderly patients with underlying diseases, complaining abdominal pain, hematochezia and diarrhea, colonoscopy and pathologic study should be undertaken as early as possible. Prognosis is good when treated timely.