传统“息讼”宣教的现代性启迪

Traditional “Dropping Lawsuits”Missionary and Its Modern Value

礼法结合、德刑并用,是传统中国的基本治国方略。保持社会秩序的和谐稳定,首先要极大限度地防止或减少社会纷争,"定分止争"也就成了礼法功能的主要外在体现,"息讼"宣教则自然成了实现"定分止争"的首选方法,它可以将一切纷争消弭于未然。于是,国家、民间及宗教等均成了"息讼"宣教的主要领域,它们融道德教化、普法宣传于一体,形式丰富多样,民众喜闻乐见,诘屈聱牙的法规条例,变成朗朗上口的息讼"段子",使民众进脑入心。过于强调忍让息讼,固然会抑制个体权益的张扬,淡化法治意识;但过度主张个体权益,也可能导致整体权益的折损。许多情况下,个体让渡出部分私权,可维护整体权益的完整;整体权益的完整,可能福惠更多的个体,有助于在个体权益与整体权益之间保持最大平衡,时至今日,仍不失其一定借鉴意义。

Traditional ＂Dropping Lawsuits＂missionary was the preferred method of mediating disputes in traditional China. The state,folk,family and religion etc.,became the main areas of ＂Dropping Lawsuits＂missionary. They combined moral enlightenment with legal spreading. Their forms were varied diversely,and very welcomed by people. Too much emphasis on patient interest litigation,of course,the public interests would prejudice against the interests of the individuals,dilute legal awareness,but excessive advocates of individual rights,it may result in damages to the interests of the whole. In most cases,the individuals transferring a part of its interests could maintain the integrity of the overall interests. Full rights regime also may bless more individual rights,make a contribution to the maximum balance between individual rights and the overall interests. Thus they could keep social harmony and stability.