密室挑战:日本讯问录音录像制度改革介评

Chamber Challenge: On the Innovation of Japan Recording and Videotaping System in Interrogation

日本正在进行以"构建符合时代要求的新刑事司法制度"为主题的改革。其中,讯问录音录像制度被作为实现"摆脱对讯问过度依赖"的主要对策加以规定。讯问录音录像制度的设立不仅有利于确保讯问正当,而且提供了对犯罪嫌疑人在侦查阶段供述的任意性、真实性进行判断的客观资料,是重大立法进步。但是,具体制度设置存在着适用范围过窄、保障措施不完善、程序性制裁虚、例外过于宽泛等问题,并最终背离改革目的,仍未实现对侦查程序的根本调整。因此,此次改革能在多大程度上实现对讯问、口供的摆脱,尚存疑问。

Japan is taking the reform of the new criminal justice system of which the theme is the new criminal judicial system which accords with the times. Among them,the recording and videotaping system are the main countermeasures to realize the ＂over reliance on interrogation＂. Recording and Videotaping System in interrogation are not only beneficial to ensure the interrogation of the legitimate,but also provides the objective information of the criminal suspects in the investigation stage of the confession of arbitrary,and is a major legislative progress. However,specific system settings are too narrow on the scope of application,security measures are not perfect,sanctions program is deficient,exceptions are too broad and ultimately deviate from the purpose of the reform. Henceforth,it has not yet achieved a fundamental adjustment of investigation procedure.