用多羟基聚醚大分子交联剂合成聚氨酯弹性体

Synthesis of polyurethane elastomer using multihydroxyl polyether macromolecular crosslinker

以聚乙二醇(PEG)和环氧氯丙烷为原料合成一种多羟基聚醚作为大分子交联剂,以PEG为聚醚多元醇、1,4-丁二醇(BDO)为扩链剂、甲苯二异氰酸酯为固化剂,采用一步法制备出聚氨酯弹性体(PUE),用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)仪对大分子交联剂和PUE进行了表征,并通过正交实验考察了n(BDO)/n(PEG)、n(BDO)/n(大分子交联剂)、异氰酸酯指数[R,n(—NCO)/n(—OH)]、固化温度对制备的PUE力学性能的影响。结果表明,FTIR证明成功合成了多羟基聚醚大分子交联剂和PUE;R值对PUE的拉伸强度影响最大,而固化温度对PUE的扯断伸长率影响最大;当R值为1.2、n(BDO)/n(PEG)为3、n(BDO)/n(大分子交联剂)为9以及固化温度为70℃时,所得PUE的综合力学性能较佳。

A multihydroxyl polyether was synthesized from polyethylene glycol （PEG） and epoxy chloropropane, and a polyurethane elastomer（PUE） was synthesized by one-step method using multihydroxyl polyether as macromolecular crosslinker, PEG as polyether polyols, 1 ,4-butanediol（BDO） as chain extender, toluene diisocyanate as curing agent. The macromoleeular erosslinker and the PUE obtained were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR）. The influence factors, such as n（BDO）/n（PEG） , n（ BDO）/n（maeromolecular erosslinker ）, isoeyanate index [ R, n （-NCO）/n（-OH） ] and curing temperature, of mechanical properties of the PUE were investigated by orthogonal experiment. The results showed that the multihydroxyl polyether macromolecular crosslinker and PUE were synthesized successfully. R value was the key influence factor of tensile strength of the PUE, and curing temperature was elongation at break. The all-round mechanical properties of the PUE was the best at R value 1.2, n （ BDO ）/n （PEG） 3, n （ BDO ）/n （ macromolecular crosslinker） 9, the curing temperature 70 ℃.