彬龙会议前后缅甸政府对边境地区民族问题的处理

Settlement of Burma Frontier Areas before and after the Panglong Conference

20世纪40年代中后期,以昂山为首的缅人政府力图脱离英国殖民统治,建立一个主权完全独立的国家。第二次世界大战后,英国仍然希望继续殖民控制缅甸。缅人政府希望通过第一次彬龙会议,《艾德礼-昂山协定》来联合边境地区各民族,但始终未果。1947年2月在第二次彬龙会议上,昂山终于与边境的掸邦、克钦邦、钦邦的领导人达成共识,双方签订了《彬龙协议》,承诺给予边区民族平等、自由、自治的权利,由此奠定了建立联邦国家的基础。但随后建立的缅族主导的缅甸政府并未遵守《彬龙协议》,由此导致了缅甸政府与边区少数民族持续不断的冲突。

In the late 1940s, General Aung San who stood for the Burma Government established a sovereign federal state in order to separate themselves from British colonization. However, the government and ethnic groups in frontier areas never reached agreement since the 19th century as a result of the British colonial rules, and the British authority still wanted to continue their control of Burma after World War II. Facing the internal and external troubles, the Burma Government hoped to coordinate with the frontier peoples according to the first Panglong Conference and Attlee-Aung San Agreement, but failed. In February, 1947, at the Second Panglong Conference, Aung San finally signed the Panglong Agreement/with the leaders of Shah State, Kachin State and Chin State, promising to give these minorities privileges in equality, freedom and autonomy, so the conflict in Burma frontier areas was settled peacefully before the Union of Myanmar was founded. Later, the new government never kept their words, so there have been conflicts all these years between the two sides.