甘肃宕昌县野生湿生扁蕾资源调查

The wild Gentianopsis paludosa resources of Tanchang County,Gansu

依据全国第四次中药资源普查技术方案,通过套样方踏查和调查相结合的方法,对甘肃宕昌县野生湿生扁蕾资源全面调查,旨在揭示其资源现状及蕴藏量,为其动态监测及开发利用提供科学依据.结果表明,在该县7个生态区,53个样地,265个套方,1060个样方中,发现分布有野生湿生扁蕾居群的生态区有3 个,占调查总生态区的42.86%;样地有3个,占调查总样地的5.66%;套方有11个,占调查总套方的4.15%;样方有26个,占调查总样方的2.45%.分布面积约1.27km2,药材蕴藏量3474.36kg,经济量2605.77kg,年允收量912.02kg.植株性状Shannon-Weaver多样性指数2.11～2.86,农艺性状差异大,10 个性状变异系数变幅23.08% ～61.83%,侧根数变异最大,叶对数变异最小,单株鲜重和干重、花朵数、基部节间长等性状变异程度也均高于平均值.在海拔2234～2699m 范围内,随海拔升高,株高、茎粗、花朵数、单株重均呈增大趋势.湿生扁蕾受威胁及优先保护综合评价级别系数为0.60,受威胁级别为二级,保护等级为II级.以上说明宕昌县域内野生湿生扁蕾种质资源表型多样性丰富,但资源分布稀少,分布区域狭窄,需采取措施加以保护利用.

The wild Gentianopsis paludosa resources in Tanchang County were comprehensive surveyed in order to further explore the distribution and abundance of this species.Survey and sampling techniques followed those published in the Nationwide Chinese Medicine Survey technical notes.1060 small sample plots and 265 permanent sample plots at 53 sample sites representing seven ecological zones were collected.Wild G.paludo-sa was found in eleven permanent sample plots and twenty six small sample plots representing three ecological zones and three sampling sites.Plants were distributed over an area of 1.27 ka containing 3474.36 kg of medicinal material,2605.77 kg of economically valuable material and 912.02 kg of permitted annual harvest. The Shannon- Weaver diversity index of quantitative characteristics ranged from 2.11 to 2.86 resulting in 23.08%-61.83% of the variation coefficient for ten agronomic traits;lateral root numbers had the greatest and leaf numbers the least influence.Increasing altitude (2234 to 2699 m)resulted in greater flower numbers, stem diameter,plant height,fresh weight and dry weight per plant.It is concluded that wild G.paludosa has high genetic diversity but is not widely distributed suggesting that measures should be taken to protect this val-uable resource.