基于CFD的轴向柱塞水马达配流盘仿真分析

Simulation and Analysis of Valve Plate in Water Hydraulic Axial Pist on Motor Based on CFD

设计了一种新型配流盘,其适用于缸体固定、配流盘转动的轴向柱塞式水马达。并运用计算流体动力学软件FLUENT建立了该轴向柱塞式水马达工作过程的三维模型,利用滑移网格和动网格技术对其进行瞬态仿真计算,研究了其配流特性。表明对称结构配流盘其腰型槽两端开设有U型槽时,柱塞腔在高低压切换时的压力下降(回升)及上升(回落)现象消失,从而避免了压力突变造成的水击、空化气蚀等现象;此外,出水口流量曲线波峰处震荡现象也明显消失,马达的运转更加平稳,为水压马达配流盘的改进提供参考。

A new kind of valve plate is designed,which is suitable to use on cylinder fixed and valve plate rotating of water hydraulic piston motor. By using computational fluid dynamics software FLUENT,the motor's three-dimensional model of its working process was established,and the transient stimulation and calculation were done by using sliding mesh and dynamic mesh technology,then its flow characteristics of the valve plate were studied. It was shown that the pressure drop( rebound) and rise( down) phenomenon of the piston chamber disappeared during its high and low pressure switching in the cavity of piston while the symmetrical valve plate had a U-shaped groove at both end of the waist-slot. Thus,the phenomenon of water hammering and erosion of cavitation caused by pressure mutation were avoided. Besides,the flow curve crest's shock phenomenon is obviously disappeared,and the piston motor works more steady,which provides a reference for the improved design of water hydraulic motor's valve plate.