西周军赋问题研究

Study on the Military Corvee in the Western Zhou Dynasty

过去学术界谈到西周军赋有两种不同的说法,但其证据都是根据春秋以来晚出的《周礼》、《左传》甚至《汉书》来论证的,这些文献能否证明是西周的军赋是有问题的。本文据西周金文考察,西周时期的军队武器设备和军用服装都是有专门的官职及机构来管理的,而六师军用马匹和牧场也是有专门的地点,并且也是由专门的官职来管理的。这也和《周礼》所反映的有关官职情况是相互一致的。

When it came to the military corvee of the Western Zhou Dynasty, scholars in the past had two different views, but their evidences are based on Rites of Zhou, Zuo Zhuan and The Book of Han. But these documents are problematic. According to the inscriptions of the Western Zhou Dynas- ty, the Western Zhou Dynasty military weapons and equipments and military clothing were managed by some specialized offices and agencies, and the six-division military horses and ranches were located at special places, which were managed by a special office. This is consistent with official circum- stances reflected in Rites of Zhou.