基于Shapley值法的旅游供应链利益分配

Profit Allocation of Tourism Supply Chain Based on Shapley Value

在一个景区和一个旅行社构成的两级旅游供应链中,通过Stackelberg博弈理论分析了旅游供应链中各成员不同决策模式下的优化决策。通过比较得出,分散决策模式下旅行社为了保证自身利益不受损失将提高两种旅游产品的零售价格,使得旅游产品的需求量过度减少,最终导致旅游供应链的总利润低于集中决策模式下的总利润。最后,引入Shapley值法设计利益分配机制,缓解利润分配不公平引起的渠道冲突,实现旅游供应链的协调。

In this paper, in a tourism supply chain composed of a scenic spot and a travel agent, we analyzed price strategies of each member in the TSC through Stackelberg game theory and studied the relationships between the equilibrium solutions of the scenic spot and the travel agent. Through the comparative analysis,we found that in order to ensure their own interests without loss, the travel agent increased the retail price of two kinds of tourism products that excessively reduced demands of tourism products under the decentralized decision mode. And we knew that the total profit of tourism supply chain under the decentralized decision mode was lower than the＇total profit of the centralized decision mode. Finally, Shapley value algorithm was introduced to reduce the channel conflict caused by the unfair profit distribution and to realize the TSC coordination.