“分而不离”:分家与代际关系的形成

Family Divided but Still Living together: the Dividing up of Family and the Formation of the Intergenerational Relation

分家是家庭代际关系形成的重要契机,本文采用实地研究的方法透过对陕西省渭南市大荔县S村农民的分家实践过程的研究,力图从发生学的意义上来探讨家庭代际关系的新形态和实质。研究发现,在分家过程中,子代逐渐取得了主导权,分家仪式和内容日益简化,分家后形成了一种"分而不离"的家庭代际关系,它的实质却是一种代际剥削模式,表现为子代从身体和精神双重层面对父代的剥夺以获取利益,其得以生成的机制在于村庄社会分化和竞争对父代、子代行为逻辑的影响。

The dividing up of the family property is a critical chance for the formation of the intergenera-tional relation in the family.This research analyzes the process of family dividing up based on the fieldwork done in S village in Dali County, Weinan city, Shaanxi province, in order to explore the new form and the es-sence of the intergenerational relation in the family from the perspective of genetic theory.The results indicate that in the process of the family dividing up, the younger generation gets the leading role of the family gradual-ly, and that the ceremony and the content of family dividing up are getting simplified, and that after the family dividing up, the divided family members still live under the same roof.The intergenerational relation, in es-sence, is an exploitive mechanism for the younger generation to exploit their parent generation in body and mind, and has its origin in the social differentiation in the villages and in the influence the fierce competition exerts on the behavior logic of the fathers and sons.