基于坐标测量机和拟粒子群进化算法的圆柱度误差检测与评定

Cylindricity Error Inspection and Evaluation Based on CMM and QPA

建立了任意位置下基于坐标测量机检测的圆柱度误差最小区域解的数学模型,提出了采用拟粒子群进化算法求解最小区域圆柱度误差新方法。该算法使用实数编码,由拟随机Halton序列产生粒子的初始位置和速度,基于浓缩因子法修改粒子的速度。为了验证算法的有效性,对文献中测量数据采用提出的方法进行圆柱度误差计算并将结果与多种算法计算结果进行比较,同时在加工中心加工大量轴类零件,使用三坐标测量机对零件进行实测,应用该进化算法计算最小区域圆柱度误差并与三坐标测量机给出的结果进行比较。实验结果均证实了提出的方法不仅优化速度快、计算精度高,而且算法简单,需设置参数少,便于推广应用。

A mathematical model of the minimum zone cylindricity error inspected on CMM in any position was founded. The QPA was proposed to compute the minimum zone cylindricity error. QPA employed real coding, the initial positions and velocities of particles were generated by quasi random Halton series and particles＇ velocities were modified based on constriction factor approach （CFA）. In order to verify the proposed method, the cylindricity error of the measurement data from the reference was computed and was compared with the results by other methods. Besides, lots of shafts were ma- chined on CNC machining center and measured on CMM. The cylindricity errors of the shafts were computed by the proposed method and the results were compared with those from CMM. The experi- mental results verify that QPA has the advantages of fast optimization speed and high computation ac- curacy, as well as the algorithm is simple and few parameters need to be set. It is easy to be popular- ized and applied.