我国部分农村地区儿童隐孢子虫感染现况调查

Cryptosporidium Infection of Children in Some Rural Areas of China

目的了解我国部分农村地区儿童隐孢子虫感染现况。方法采取随机整群抽样方法,对我国部分农村地区5 458名儿童采集粪便样本进行隐孢子虫卵囊检测,同时进行问卷调查。结果调查农村地区儿童隐孢子虫感染率为2.58%,其中一至三年级小学生和幼儿园儿童隐孢子虫感染率分别为2.83%和2.26%。湖北省、广东省和江苏省儿童隐孢子虫感染率由高到低依次为4.00%,2.40%和1.09%,差异有统计学意义(!2=32.38,P<0.01)。近1年家庭饲养家畜的儿童隐孢子虫感染率为3.79%,近1年家庭没有饲养家畜的儿童隐孢子虫感染率为1.27%,差别具有统计学意义(!2=34.33,P<0.01)。结论农村地区儿童隐孢子虫感染情况不容忽视,影响因素可能涉及地区、饮用水,家庭饲养牲畜以及个人卫生习惯等。

Objective To understand the status of cryptosporidium infection of children in some rural areas of our country. Methods A cross-sectional investigation was carried out,including questionnaire survey and the detection of cryptosporidium oocyst in stool samples. Results The total cryptosporidium infection rate of 5 458 rural children was 2. 58%. The cryptosporidium infection rate of children in primary school and kindergarten was 2. 83%and 2. 26%,respectively. The difference of cryptosporidium infection rate among Hubei province（ 4. 00%）,Guangdong province（ 2. 40%） and Jiangsu province（ 1. 09%） was statistically significant（ x2= 32. 38,P 〈0. 01）. The difference of cryptosporidium infection rate between the children with raising livestock in the house（ 3. 79%） and without raising livestock in the house（ 1. 27%） in recent 1 year was statistically significant（ x2= 34. 33,P 〈0. 01）. Conclusions The incidence of cryptosporidium infection in children in these investigated areas should not be ignored. The location of area,hygienic status of drinking water,raising livestock in the house and personal health habits appeared to be factors associated with the infection rate of cryptosporidium.