下胸椎侧前方椎体钉内固定置入点的相关解剖学测量

Anatomical measurement for the implantation of screws for inferior thoracic spinal latero-anterior fixation

目的 为临床下胸椎侧前方固定以肋凹为参照物置钉提供解剖学参考.方法 对20具成人尸体脊柱标本下胸椎肋凹进行观察和解剖数据测量.结果 随着椎序的增加,椎体横径逐渐增大[（32.5340±0.555 7）～（46.9520±0.3730） mm],肋凹上、下缘与上终板的距离逐渐增大,肋凹上、下缘与下终板的距离逐渐减小,肋凹前缘与椎管前缘的距离逐渐减小[（4.5020±0.1623） ～（2.0680±0.965 8）mm].结论 下胸椎肋凹的解剖位置是有规律可循的.肋凹是下胸椎侧前方内固定置钉简单、恒定、可靠的置钉点参照物.

Objective To provide an anatomical reference for the implantation of clinical screws for inferior thoracic spinal latero-anterior fixation （ITSLAF） with the concave rib set as a reference.Methods Spinal specimens from 20 adult cadavers were observed,and anatomical data were collected from the concave ribs.Results The thoracic transverse diameters [（32.534 0 ± 0.555 7） mm-（46.952 0 ±0.373 0） mm] and the distance between the upper and the inferior edge of the concave rib and upper endplate increased gradually as the vertebral number increased,whereas the distances between the upper and the inferior edge of the concave rib and inferior endplate and between the anterior edge of the concave rib and anterior edge of the vertebral canal decreased gradually [（4.502 0 ± 0.162 3）mm-2.068 0 ±0.965 8） mm].Conclusion The anatomical positions of the inferior thoracic concave ribs followed a set of rules.The concave rib could be used as a simple,constant,and reliable reference point for ITSLAF screw placement.