优秀龙舟运动员尿液^1H NMR代谢组学研究

Applying ^1H NMR Metabonomics in Urine to Monitor the Training of Elite Dragon Boat Athletes

目的:应用1H NMR代谢组学方法对优秀龙舟运动员尿液代谢特征进行分析,结合尿常规进行全面、系统的训练监控。方法:于集训期间及比赛前后连续5次收集运动员晨尿,采用1H NMR的代谢组学方法结合尿常规检测,运用多元统计分析和t检验对实验数据进行分析。结果:(1)与安静时相比,男、女运动员尿液p H值、尿蛋白(PRO)和红细胞(BLD)阳性检出率分别在训练期和比赛后具有显著性变化(P<0.05),特别是集训1周和集训2周时。(2)与安静时相比,男运动员在不同训练期和比赛后尿液中乳酸、谷氨酸、丙氨酸、谷氨酰胺、二甲胺和柠檬酸含量均显著增加,而苯乙酰甘氨酸则明显下降(P<0.05);女运动员尿液中牛磺酸含量显著增加,苯乙酰甘氨酸同样显著下降(P<0.05)。运动员尿液代谢组学指标主要在集训1周、比赛次日和恢复1周时变化明显。不同性别运动员尿液共有7种代谢物含量存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论:(1)龙舟运动能够引起运动员机体内与糖、氨基酸代谢相关的代谢物发生显著改变,运用1H NMR的代谢组学技术实现对运动员无损伤的训练监控可行。(2)不同性别运动员尿液代谢组学信息存在差异,可能由于训练负荷安排和运动员机能状态不同所致。(3)龙舟运动员尿液代谢组学信息比尿常规信息能更加敏感和全面地反映运动员机能状态,对运动性疲劳和过度训练的监控和早期诊断可能更有优势。

Objective The purpose of this study was to monitor the training of dragon boat athletes by applying^1 H NMR metabonomics approach. Methods Continuous 5-day urinasanguinis samples of the athletes were collected before and after the training and then analyzed depending on1 H NMR metabonomics method combined with the routine urine test. The experimental data were analyzed by multivariate statistical analysis and t-test. Results（1）The alteration of urine p H,and detection rate of protein and red blood cell（BLD） in urine both in male and female athletes changed significantly during the period of training and after the boat race,especially in the first and the second week of training as compared with the baseline.（2）The urinary lactate,aminoglutaminic acid,alanine,glutamine,dimethyl amine and citric acid in training period and after training increased significantly and the level of phenaceturic acid decreased with the advancing of the training（P〈0.05）. At the same time,the urine taurine raised,and phenaceturic acid descended significantly in female athletes（P〈0.05）. Generally,the parameters of urine metabonomics of all athletes changed remarkably in the first-week training and next morning following the training. There were significant gender differences in the urine metabonomics（P〈0.05）. Conclusion（1）The changes in glycometabolism and amino acids metabolism of athletes caused by dragon boat training could be monitored through the approach of^1 H NMR-based metabonomics.（2）There was significant gender difference in urine metabonomics of dragon boat athletes.（3）Compared to the routine urine test,the parameters of the urine metabonomics were more comprehensive and sensitive to reflect the body function of athletes,and useful for preventing the occurrence of overtraining.