政治锦标赛和政治淘汰赛:一种比较研究

Political Tournaments and Political Knockout: A Comparative Study

学术界对政治锦标赛的研究较为成熟。在中国政治生态中,还存在着一种与政治锦标赛相似的行政治理体制即政治淘汰赛。政治淘汰赛的实施载体是目标管理责任制,实施的基本手段是末位淘汰、一票否决和问责制。政治锦标赛和政治淘汰赛实施的时间大体相同,实施的前提条件基本一致,实施的效果几乎类似,实施的组织形式完全一样,但两者考核的指标不同,激励的强度和方式也不一样。在特定的背景下,政治锦标赛和政治淘汰赛发挥了其积极作用,但是,政治锦标赛和政治淘汰赛在一定程度上使政府的职能和职责发生了偏离,使制度设计的目标落空。

The academic study on the political tournament has been relatively mature. In China＇ s political ecology, there is another administrative management system which is the same as political tournaments, that is, political knockout. The implementation carrier of political knockout is target management responsibility system, and its basic means of implementation is eliminating the lattermost, one - vote negation and accountability system. By comparing political tournaments with political knockout, we find that their implementation time is almost the same; they have basically consistent premise of the implementation; the implementation effect is almost similar; the implementation organization form is exactly identical; but they have different assessment indexes and different incentive intensity and means. In specific context, political tournaments and political knockout have played a positive role. However, they have resulted in deviation of government functions and responsibilities to some extent, failing in the fulfilling the goal of system design in some degree.