小说虚构与“国家”想象的同质性

Homogeny between the Fiction of a novel and the Imagination of a Nation

"国家"和小说一样,它们都具有某种抽象性、不确定性、虚构性以及想象性,但人们对于"国家"的认知总是由于其物质性的"硬件"存在而忘了其本身具有的虚构性。实际上,小说和"国家"都具有相似的虚构和想象功能,它们在物质性的"硬件"与意识形态的"软件"上对人的作用方式与效果极为相似。正如那个抽象的上帝通过主教、牧师、《圣经》、教规、教堂对教徒进行规训一样,国家也通过官员、行政队伍、法规、文件、公章、办公大楼等对民众进行教化和领导。而小说对人的影响,实质上与上帝或"国家"的运作模式类似,它通过文字、阅读、情节结构的设置、人物的安排、叙述语言的变换等使读者想象和建构起一个类乎上帝与"国家"的"想象界",以此为参照、自我调整,在潜移默化中接受其价值取向,并为之奋斗,为之献身。

There was a Homogeny between the fiction of a novel and the imagination of a nation because of the same way and the same effect of the action by the hardware of the substance and the software of the ideology. A nation civilized and led the populace by the officers, administration teams, laws and regulations;documents; seals and office buildings. In the same way, a novel affected the readers and made them construct a nation by the set of the words, the plots, the structures and the figures, and the change of the narration language.