基于出租车GPS数据的扬招点选址确定方法

Location Selection Method for Taxi Stands Based on GPS Data

为了使出租车扬招点设置位置与出租车需求更匹配,建立了一个出租车扬招点选址模型。首先通过对出租车GPS数据的分析,获得出租车的上客点分布。然后建立数学规划模型,将最小扬招点个数作为目标函数,以要求达到的扬招点服务覆盖率为约束条件。最后,利用已知上客点位置分布,给定服务距离以及目标覆盖率,通过模型求得扬招点设置个数及位置。以南京市新街口地区路网为例,在约5km2范围内,设定扬招点服务距离为300m、目标覆盖率为85%,通过该方法求得需要设置11个扬招点才能达到目标,并得到了具体的选址方案。之后,进行出租车扬招点设置个数敏感性分析,结果可从服务质量和成本经济性两方面为扬招点设置提供依据。

A location selection model for taxi stands was developed to match taxi demands. First, the GPS data of taxis was analyzed to get the spatial distribution of taxi demands. Then, a mathematical pro？gramming model was established. The model set minimum taxi stands as objection, and considered the service coverage required to achieve as constraint conditions. Finally, according to the known distribu？tion of taxi demands, with the given service scope and expected service coverage, the number and loca？tion of taxi stands were got from the model. As a case study, the model was applied to Xinjiekou CBD in Nanjing. The service scope of 300 meters was set and the expected service coverage was 85%. The result shows that 11 taxi stands are needed to cover 85%taxi demands in the area of 5 square kilometers. Spe？cific locations of taxi stands are also got through this method. After that, sensitivity analysis of the num？ber of taxi stands was conducted, which could provide support for setting taxi stands from aspects of ser？vice quality and cost economy.