肠道病毒71型5′端非编码区研究新进展

Advances in the study of the 5′ untranslated regions of enterovirus 71

肠道病毒71型(Enterovirus 71,EV71)是手足口病的重要病原,严重者伴有神经系统炎症或全身并发症甚至死亡。病毒RNA的翻译及复制受基因组5′端非编码区(5′Untranslated Regions,5′UTR)调控,此区域内部包含重要二级结构,某些突变能够改变病毒复制效率及细胞嗜性,甚至使毒力发生变化。本文综述了EV71 5′UTR的结构和主要功能以及变异研究新进展。

Enterovirus 71（EV71）is a major cause of hand,foot,and mouth disease（HFMD）in children and has been associated with serious nervous system symptoms and even death.The translation and synthesis of viral RNA depend on the 5＇untranslated region（5′UTR）of a virus＇ genome.The 5′UTR of EV71 contains complicated secondary structures that have important roles in translation,virus replication,virus-host cell interaction,and other as yet unknown functions.Because of its extensive capabilities,the 5′UTR of EV71 has emerged as a focus of research efforts to determine if mutations occur in this region,if the efficiency of viral multiplication can be reduced,if the host range phenotype can be altered,or if its neurovirulence can be attenuated.This review mainly describes the structure,major functions,and variation of the 5＇UTR during EV71 infection.