《黑格尔法哲学批判》中的国家观及其现实逻辑

The State View and Realistic Logic in Critique of Hagel's Philosophy of Right

《黑格尔法哲学批判》是马克思国家学说创立的起点。马克思通过对黑格尔关于国家观点的扬弃,提出了自己的国家理论。马克思认为,政治国家由市民社会决定,市民社会则由本质上就是资本所有者等级的"产业等级"来决定;市民社会的政治国家归根结底就是维护私有制的制度体系,应当通过一场真正的革命,建立人民主权性质的民主制度。依据马克思的国家观,推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化,要注重公民政治品质的培育;要防止政治权力异化于人民和官僚政治形成自己的特殊利益;要坚持人民主权,让人民更多地参与国家事务。

Critique of Hagel＇s philosophy of right is the starting point of Marx＇s founding of his sate theory. Marx put forward his own theory of state through developing Hagel＇s theory of the state such as state is the reality of the ethics ideology. Marx believed that the political state is determined by the civil society, while civil society is determined by the ＂industry classes＂. The political state of the civil society is to maintain the system of private ownership, which should es- tablish a democratic system of the people＇s sovereignty through a real revolution. According to Marx＇s new state theory,we should promote the modernization of national governance system and our governance capacity, pay attention to the cultivation of citizen＇s political quality, adhere to the people＇s sovereignty and facilitate people to have more access and participation in state affairs.