控制论与国际关系理论:思想体系、关键影响与发展方向

Cybernetics and IR theory:Content,Effect and Future

20世纪中期兴起的系统科学对国际关系理论产生了巨大影响,控制论就是其中一个典型代表。但迄今为止,与之相关的关键理论问题却尚未得到正面回答。因此,本文将首先介绍控制论的思想体系,即系统思想、信息思想和行为思想,然后分析控制论思想体系对国际关系理论的关键影响。最为关键的是,本文将在上述分析的基础上指出未来国际关系控制理论的可能发展方向。一是控制论之于国际关系理论的适应性,这是对这三种理论的前提性补充;二是控制论相对于复杂性科学的优越性,后者是系统科学的另一分支,也是国际关系理论的一种最新发展趋势;三是控制论核心概念——适应性行为的启示意义,希望能促进国际关系理论的再思考。

System Science which rised in the middle of twentieth century has a great influence on the international relation theoies, and the cybernetics is a typical representative. But until now, some crucial relative theoretical questions have not been answered specially. So, this article will firstly introduce the main content of cybernetics which includes systematic thought, information thought and behavioral thought. And, this aticle will take Kenneth Waltz＇s structural realism, Karl Deutsch＇s communication theory and John Sterinbruner＇s decision cybernetics theory for ex- ample to explain the key effects exerted by cybernetics on the IR theories. Then, this paper will point out the possible development direction of the international relation cybernetics thoery. The first is the adaptability of cybernetics on international relation theory. It is an essential comple- ment of the former three theories. The second is the priority of cybernetics as to the complexity science. The later is another branch of system science and represents a new developing trend in in- ternational relation theory. The third is the instructive significance of the core conception of cy- bernetics adaptive behavior. I hope it will promote the rethinking of international relation theory.