不同灌溉方式对温室内小气候变化的影响

Microclimates in the Drip and Surface Irrigated Greenhouses

通过连续观测温室内滴灌和漫灌条件下温湿度的变化，分析了2种条件下小气候变化的原因以及对作物蒸散量的影响，为温室滴灌种植和管理提供理论依据。结果表明，与漫灌相比，滴灌条件下温室内空气温度升高了5％，相对湿度降低了6％，造成饱和水汽压差增加30％，水汽密度降低3％。漫灌条件下温室空气温度的升高过程一般滞后于滴灌条件下温度变化1～2 h，这可能是由于漫灌条件下空气中水汽密度较大所致。滴灌条件下温室内小气候的变化使得参考作物蒸散发大于漫灌条件下的，因此在进行灌溉时要考虑滴灌条件下作物的蒸散特点。

In this study, we measured temperature and humidity in the surface and drip irrigated greenhouses and analyzed the related factors.Results showed that, temperature in the drip irrigated greenhouse increased by 5%,and humidity reduced by 6%as compared to those in the surface irrigated greenhouse.These changes resulted in vapor pressure deficit increasing by 30% and specific humidity decreasing by 3% in the drip irrigated greenhouse as compared to the surface irrigated greenhouse. Temperature increasing curve lagged behind by 1—2 h in the surface irrigated greenhouse,which may be mainly because of the higher specific humidity.The higher reference evapotranspiration in the drip irrigated greenhouse should be considered in the irrigation management.