文艺抗战与文艺大众化运动

Art for the War and Art Popularization Movement

1937年全面抗战爆发后,在国共两党共同努力下,广大文艺工作者摒除不同政见、不同流派,结成文艺抗日统一战线。在文艺为抗战服务的旗帜下,文艺大众化成为文艺界的共识,新文化运动以来的文艺大众化探索形成轰轰烈烈的文艺大众化运动。国民党"文化备战"、"精神国防"和"国民精神总动员"运动,毛泽东延安文艺座谈会讲话提出的文艺为抗战服务、文艺为工农大众服务和提倡文艺民族形式,大大推动了文艺大众化的发展,为鼓舞民众坚持抗战,激发人民战胜日本侵略者的斗志和信心,发挥了重要作用。抗日救亡中的抗战文艺,把文艺大众化发展到前所未有的顶点,同时也激起广大人民群众创作民间文艺的热情,形成前所未有的大众文艺。

After the breakout of the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression in 1937, with joint support from the Kuomintang and the Communist Party of China, the intellectuals overcame divergence of political and artistic opinions and formed a united front against Japanese aggression. Under the guideline of ＂art for the war＂, the intellectuals believed in the popularization of art. Thus explorations in this respect since the New Culture Movement developed into an art popularization movement. Kuomintang＇s ＂cultural preparations for war＂, ＂moral defence＂ and the National Moral Mobilization Movement, and Mao Zedong＇s speech at the Yan＇an Forum on Literature and Art, in which he advocated art for the war, art for workers and peasants and national forms of art had greatly encouraged the popularization of art. Art boosted national morale to fight against the Japanese invaders. War-time art in national salvation against Japanese aggression enhanced the popularization of art to an unprecedented high point and created popular art works that had never been seen before.