超重、肥胖学龄儿童心理健康状况调查

An Investigation of Mental Health State on Overweight and Obesity Schoolchildren

目的：对北京市朝阳区高碑店小学超重、肥胖儿童心理健康状况进行调查,比较超重、肥胖小学生与体重正常小学生心理健康状况的差异,为今后有针对性地开展超重、肥胖儿童心理干预技术提供基线数据和依据,促进学龄期儿童健康成长。方法：以《中国学龄儿童青少年超重、肥胖筛查体重指数值（BMI）筛查分类》为标准,筛查出高碑店小学二~五年级超重、肥胖儿童60名列入超重、肥胖组,以超重、肥胖组学生年龄、性别、班级、家庭状况等因素1︰1匹配体重正常学生60名列入对照组。使用自制问卷、心理健康评定量表（MHRSP）、社交回避及苦恼量表（SAD）、躯体自信量表（BES）对其心理健康状况进行评价。结果：高碑店小学超重、肥胖检出率为53.2%。超重组、肥胖组和对照组儿童在MHRSP总分、社会适应障碍和学习障碍得分上存在显著差异（F=3.26,4.29,4.85;P〈0.05）;不同类别儿童在躯体自信度评分上存在显著差异（F=22.26,P〈0.01）,而在SAD评分上没有统计学意义。结论：超重、肥胖学龄儿童普遍存在心理健康问题,躯体自信较低,存在社会适应障碍、行为障碍。

Objective ：To investigate mental health state on overweight and obesity school children of Gaobeidian primary school in Chaoyang District, Beijing. Comparing the differences between overweight o- besity school children and normal weight school children, to provide the basic data for targeted psychologi- cal intervention on overweight and obesity school children in the future. Methods： Standard on 〈 The screening classification standard of body mass index on Chinese schoolchildren and＇teenagers overweight and obesity 〉 ,60 overweight and obesity schoolchildren in grade 2 -5 from Gaoheidian Primary school were selected into overweight and obesity group and 60 normal weight students were selected into control group ,according student~ age ,sex ,class ,family factors with one to one matching method. Using the ques- tionnaires which consisted of Pupils mental health rating scale （MHRSP） , Social avoidance and distress scale （SAD）, the body esteem scale （BES）and the general questionnaire designed by ourselves to evaluate their mental health status. Results：The prevalence rate of overweight and obesity in the students were 53.2%. There were significant differences among the overweight group, obesity group, normal weight group on the score of MHRSP,the social adjustment disorders and behavior disorders. （F = 3.26,4.29, 4.85 ;P 〈 0.05 ） There were significant differences among the three groups on the score of BES （ F = 22.26,P 〈0.01 ）. The differences of score of SAD among three groups weren~ statistically significant. Conclusion： Most of the overweight and obesity pupils have mental health problems ; they don l have e- nough confidence about body, and have disorders on social adjustment and behavior.