广东省人为源大气污染物排放清单及特征研究

Emission inventory and characteristics of anthropogenic air pollutant sources in Guangdong Province

本研究根据收集的广东省人为源活动水平数据,采用合理的估算方法、排放因子和GIS技术,建立了该地区2010年3 km×3 km人为源大气污染物排放清单.结果显示,2010年广东省SO2、NOx、CO、PM10、PM2.5、BC、OC、VOCs和NH3排放总量分别为867.8×103、1607.0×103、7476.0×103、1397.6×103、633.2×103、50.5×103、98.3×103、1436.5×103和578.3×103t.固定燃烧源是SO2和NOx的最大排放贡献源,CO排放主要来自道路移动源、固定燃烧源和生物质燃烧源,扬尘源和工业过程源是主要的PM10和PM2.5排放源,生物质燃烧源是最大的BC和OC贡献源,VOCs排放主要来自有机溶剂使用源、道路移动源和工业过程源,NH3排放主要来源于畜禽养殖和氮肥施用.东莞、佛山和广州是主要的SO2、NOx、CO和VOCs排放城市,广州、清远和梅州是最主要的PM10和PM2.5排放城市,BC排放集中在广州、深圳、东莞、佛山等珠三角城市,OC的重要排放城市为湛江和茂名,NH3排放主要分布在茂名、湛江和肇庆.空间分布结果显示,广东省NH3排放高值区分布在粤西和粤东地区,其他污染物排放高值区则主要分布在珠三角城市群.本研究建立的排放源清单仍具有一定的不确定性,建议后续研究加强大气污染源排放的基础研究,进一步完善该地区的排放源清单,以期为区域大气污染预报预警和污染控制措施的制定提供重要基础数据.

Based on the collected activity data and emission factors,a 2010-based 3 km × 3 km gridded anthropogenic air pollutant emission inventory was developed for Guangdong Province with the use of appropriate emission estimation methods. Results showed that total emissions of SO2,NOx,CO,PM10,PM2. 5,BC,OC,VOCs and NH3 in Guangdong Province were 867. 8 × 103,1607. 0 × 103,7476. 0 × 103,1397. 6 × 103、633. 2 × 103、50. 5 × 103、98.3 × 103、1436. 5 × 103和 578. 3 × 103 t,respectively. Stationary combustion source was the largest SO2 and NOxcontributor. CO emission was mainly derived from on-road mobile source,stationary combustion source and biomass combustion source. Fugitive dust and industrial process source were the largest contributors for PM10 and PM2. 5emissions,while biomass combustion source became the most significant BC and OC contributor. VOCs emission was dominated by solvent-use,on-road mobile source and industrial process source,while livestock feeding and N-fertilizer application source contributed significant NH3 emissions. Dongguan,Foshan and Guangzhou were the largest SO2,NOx,CO and VOCs contributors,while Guangzhou,Qingyuan and Meizhou were major particles emission contributors. Guangzhou,Shenzhen,Dongguan and Foshan were cities with the largest BC emissions. OC emissions were mainly concentrated in Zhanjiang and Maoming. Maoming,Zhanjiang and Zhaoqing were the top three NH3 emission contributing cities. Spatial distributions illustrated that NH3 emissions were mainly distributed in western and eastern Guangdong Province while emissions of other pollutants were concentrated in city cluster areas of the Pearl River Delta region. The emission inventory in the study has uncertainties to some extent,and more fundamental studies on emission sources are needed to improve the emission inventory in the future.