中国城郊农业发展模式评析

Development mode of China's suburb agriculture

我国在快速城镇化过程中出现了土地退化、环境污染、食品安全等问题,迫切要求城市郊区能发挥保护生态环境、保障安全农产品供应、传承农耕文化等功能。通过对国外发达国家发展经验的调研,发现城郊农业的环境友好型发展是推进健康城镇化的重要途径,而城乡互助农业则是发展的潮流和趋势。通过对国内社区支持农业、农夫市集、共同购买、参与式保障体系等探索实践的对比分析,认为目前存在的发展障碍,其中最核心的问题是消费者和生产者之间缺少沟通和互信。应整合多方力量建立第三方平台,将具有相同经营理念的生产者和相近地理位置的消费者组织起来,构建城乡互助农业社区,增强市场信任,降低交易成本,以推动环境友好型城郊农业的发展。

In the process of China's rapid urbanization,land degradation,environmental pollution,food safety and otherproblems have begun to appear. The suburban area is urgently required to take a variety of functions including conserving environment,providing safe agricultural products,inheriting the farming culture and so on. The experiences in developed countries are investigated and it is found that environment- friendly development of suburban agriculture is important for promoting healthy urbanization,and mutual- aid agriculture between urban and rural area is the trend of development. Practices and explorations in Community Supported Agriculture,Farmers Market,Common Purchase,Participatory Guarantee System and other patterns in China are analyzed and a lot of problems have been found. The key issue is the absence of interaction and mutual trust between consumers and producers. It is suggested to build third- party platform by multiple stakeholders and organize those producers with the same production philosophy and consumers with close geographical location,to establish mutual- aid agricultural community. It should enhance market confidence,reduce transaction costs,and promote the development of environment- friendly suburban agriculture.