生产常用的6个小麦品种不同生育期抗条锈病鉴定及综合性状分析

Resistant Identification to Stripe Rust and Analysis of Comprehensive Traits of Six Wheat Cultivars at Whole Growth Period

[目的]筛选出全生育期抗条锈病的小麦品种。[方法]分别在实验室进行人工接种和大田自然诱发发病对6个生产常用小麦品种进行苗期和成株期条锈病抗性鉴定。[结果]各品种间抗性存在显著差异,供试品种苗期和成株期抗条锈病结果不完全一致。全生育期均表现为抗病的品种有川麦107、豫麦18、绵麦28,其中,川麦107全生育期抗病且综合性状优良,建议在生产上大面积推广;豫麦18和绵麦28因为苗期表现为近免疫,而成株期分别表现为高抗和中抗,结合综合性状,建议在生产上适度种植。扬麦11、晋麦54、济麦20虽然苗期表现为抗病,但成株期均表现感病,建议在生产上停止使用。成株期各鉴定因素相关性分析得出,各因素均呈正相关。[结论]试验结果为四川省小麦生产的选种提供了理论依据。

[ Objective ] The aim was to screen out wheat cuhivars which were resistant to wheat stripe rust at whole growth period. [ Method ] The resistance of six wheat cultivars at seedling and adult-plant stages to stripe rust was identified through laboratories under artificial inoculation and natural in the field-induced disease. [ Result] The resistance of six wheat cultivars to wheat stripe rust had significant difference, and there was difference between seedling stage and adult-plant stage. Chuanmai 107, Yumai 18 and Mianmai 28 were resistant to stripe rust at whole growth period, among them Chuanmai 107 had good comprehensive traits, so it could be applied in large area; Yumai 18 and Mianmai 28 showed nearly immune at seedling stage, and showed high resistance and resistance at adult plant stage, respectively, so it was proposed a moderate planting in production. Yangmai 11, Jinmai 54 and Jimai 20 showed resistance at seedling stage, but susceptible at adult plant stage, so they should not be used in production. All identification factors on correlation analysis showed positive correlation of various factors. [ Conclusion] The results provided theoretical basis for selection of wheat in Sichaan Province.