我国《刑法》“利用影响力受贿罪”犯罪主体法律适用困境与路径

Difficulties and Solutions on the Law Application of the Subject of Bribery Crime by the Influence in China's Criminal Law

2009年《中华人民共和国刑法修正案(七)》规定,利用影响力受贿罪的犯罪主体包括国家工作人员的近亲属、与国家工作人员关系密切的人、离职的国家工作人员、离职的国家工作人员的近亲属、其他与离职的国家工作人员关系密切的人,单位不是利用影响力受贿罪的犯罪主体。探讨本罪的犯罪主体法律适用困境与路径对于贯彻依法治国方略、健全社会治安防控体系、构建社会主义和谐社会,对于打击腐败犯罪,维护党和国家清正廉洁形象,对于完善刑事犯罪罪状,达到预防犯罪的刑罚目的,具有重要价值。借鉴外国关于本罪的法律规范,结合司法实践新形势,要求将国家机关试用期工作人员、聘任制人员应作为利用影响力受贿罪的犯罪主体,同时扩大亲属的范围,明确单位作为本罪的犯罪主体。

According to the ＂Amendment of the Criminal Law of the People＇s Republic of China （seven）＂ in 2009, the subject of Bribery crime by the influence including close relatives of national staff, people close to national staff, retired national staff, close relatives of retired national staff and people close to retired national staff. Work unit is excluded. Discussions on difficulties and solutions on it has great value for running our country by law, improving the social security prevention and control system, constructing socialist harmonious society, combating with crime, preserving the image of the party and state, completing criminal counts and reaching the purpose of crime prevention. Learning about the crime from foreign legal norms and combined with the new situation of the judicial practice, this paper brings forward that national staff in probation period and staff in employment system should be included in the subject of the crime of bribery. Meanwhile, the scope of relatives should be expanded and unit as a subject of the crime should be approved.