基于遥感和GIS的福建文渡湾海域潮滩演变研究

Research on tidal flat evolution based on remote sensing and GIS methods around the Wendu Bay,Fujian

强潮海区的潮滩冲淤演变对于潮滩开发利用、海洋环境保护及灾害预防等具有十分重要的意义。本文以福建北部文渡湾海域为研究对象,采用遥感和GIS相结合的方法,对淤泥质潮滩的冲淤演变特征进行研究。研究结果表明:1991年以来文渡湾湾顶潮滩地形呈淤积状态,尤其2005年以后淤积明显;淤积的主要原因可能与围垦造陆使得湾口缩窄,致使湾口流速增大、湾口局部海床冲刷的泥沙向湾顶搬运有关。

Research on tidal flat evolution at strong-tide bay is important for marine exploitation,environmental protection and disaster prevention.By using remote sensing and GIS technology,tide flat evolution in a strong tide bay-Wendu Bay in north Fujian Province was studied.The conclusions are showed as follows：Since 1991,tidal flat at the bayhead of Wendu Bay is in a silting state,and the deposition rate is increasing especially after 2005.The main reason of tidal flat siltation may be the bay mouth narrowing by bay reclamation,which results in flow velocity increasing and seabed scouring,so the scouring sediment at bay mouth can be transported to the bayhead and finally accumulates on the tidal flat at bayhead.