泡沫-原油作用稳定性影响因素研究

Influence Factors on the Stability of Foam-Oil Interaction

为了更好的认识原油与泡沫的相互作用,研究了原油类型、油相含量、表面活性剂浓度、表面活性剂类型、矿化度、烷烃链长和聚合物加量对泡沫与原油作用稳定性的影响。对不同条件下,加油前后的泡沫析液半衰期进行了测定。结果表明：不同原油对泡沫稳定性的影响不同,TK729油对泡沫的稳定作用最强。在一定油相含量范围内,轻质油和重质油都可以提高泡沫的稳定性。不同表面活性剂体系对原油的敏感性不同,阴离子表面活性剂AS遇油稳定性最好。在两性表面活性剂Mz和As（复配质量比1：2）体系中加入20%TK729油,当表面活性剂加量低于0.05%时,原油起消泡作用;当其加量高于0.075%时,原油起稳泡作用。矿化度的升高对泡沫与油作用的稳定性不利,在矿化度低于5×10^4mg/L时,油起稳泡作用,矿化度高于10×10^4mg/L时,油起消泡作用;碳数大于16的长链烷烃起稳泡作用,短链烷烃起消泡作用;聚合物的加入可以提高泡沫遇油的稳定性,聚合物加量越大,泡沫稳定性越强。

In order to better understand the interaction between crude oil and foam,the influence factors of foam-oil interaction stability were researched,including oil type,oil phase content,surfactant concentration,surfactant type,salinity,alkyl chain length and polymer content.Under different experiment conditions,the half-time of foam drainage in the absence and presence of oil was measured.The result showed that different crude oil had different effect on foam stability and TK729 oil exhibited the strongest stability to foam.Light oil and heavy oil both improved foam stability within a certain range of oil content.Different surfactant systems exhibited different degrees of sensitivity to oil,and anionic surfactant AS showed the best foam stability to oil.After adding 20%TK729 oil to amphoteric surfactants MZ and AS compounded system（mass ratio 1：2）,oil destabilized foam with surfactant concentration less than 0.05%while stabilized foam with concentration more than 0.075%.The increase of salinity had an inverse effect on foam stability to oil.Oil stabilized foam when the salinity was less than 5×10^4mg/L while destabilized foam when the salinity was larger than 10×10^4mg/L.Additionally,the shorter the alkane chain length,the higher the tendency of alkane to destabilize foam was.Long-chain alkane with more than 16 carbon number showed stability to foam.Adding polymer to the aqueous phase improved the foam performance in the presence of oil,and the more dosage of polymer the better foam stability to oil was.