油品汽车装卸作业中管路的水力计算

Hydraulic calculation of pipe in oil loading and unloading of road tanker

针对石油石化企业油品装卸作业,为了指导合理设计管径和选择泵型,对油品装卸作业管路水力计算方法进行了总结分析。通过理论分析,阐述了3种计算方法(简化计算法、精确计算法、软件模拟计算法)的理论基础、计算思路与步骤,以及计算结果的误差来源;通过典型的实例计算,对比总结得到3种计算方法的适用工况,以及使用过程中的注意事项。经分析发现:3种方法的理论基础基本一致,而计算结果的不同,主要源于计算过程中集油管不同管段的油品流量取值的不同;对于一般的油品装卸作业工况,3种方法均适用,而当管路长度、复杂性及泵必需汽蚀余量计算准确度要求较高时,建议选用模拟计算方法进行水力计算。

This paper presents and analyzes the methods of hydraulic calculation of pipes in oil loading and unloading of road tanker, in order to provide reasonable guidance for petroleum and petrochemical companies in pipe diameter design and pump selection. Through theoretical analysis, the theoretical foundation and calculation ideas/steps of three methods （i.e. simplified calculation method, accurate calculation method, and software simulation method） are expounded, and the error sources of the calculation results are elaborated. With typical calculation examples, applicable conditions and precautions of above three methods are comparatively summarized. After the analysis, it is found that these methods basically follow the same theoretical foundations, but derive different results, which is mainly attributed to different oil flowrate at each pipe section in calculation process. For the average oil loading and unloading conditions, all three methods above are applicable; when the higher requirements exist for calculation accuracy of pipeline length, complexity and pump NPSH, the simulation method is recommended for hydraulic calculation. （4 Figures, 2 Tables, 10 References）