回顾性分析82例溃疡性结肠炎的临床特征

Clinical characteristics of ulcerative colitis: a retrospective analysis of 82 cases

的研究溃疡性结肠炎（ulcerative colitis,UC）的临床特征,提高对UC的认识和诊断治疗水平。方法收集2008年1月-2013年12月6年荆门市第一人民医院住院治疗的82例UC患者的临床资料,分析其临床特点。结果 41～50岁年龄段发病比例最高,女性多于男性。UC的临床特征以黏液脓血便、腹痛、腹泻为主;内镜下黏膜弥漫性充血、水肿、糜烂和溃疡,13例伴有肠外表现,病变同时累及直肠和乙状结肠者最多见,病理以慢性炎性细胞浸润为主。结论 UC确诊主要根据临床表现、结肠镜检查和病理学检查,其中结肠镜检查可明确病变部位、范围、程度以及肠腔有无狭窄或癌变,有助于临床病情分期,对指导临床治疗方案的选择具有重要意义。

Objective To improve the clinical diagnosis and treatment of ulcerative colitis （UC） by investigating the clinical characteristics of UC. Methods The clinical characteristics of 82 patients with UC from Jan. 2008 to Dec. 2013 were collected and retrospectively analyzed. Results The incidence of patients was highest from 41 to 50 years old. Fe- male were more common than male. The typical manifestations of UC were diarrhea, bloody mueopurulent stool and ab- dominal pain. Mucosal diffuse hyperemia, edema, erosions and ulcers could be seen by endoscopy. Thirteen patients had extraintestinal manifestations, involving mainly the rectum and sigmoid colon. Multiple inflammatory cell infiltration was seen by pathological examination. Conclusion The diagnosis of UC depends on clinical manifestation, colonoscopy and pathology. And colonoscopy could identify the location of lesion, extent and severity of disease, and whether stenosis or carcinomatous change occurring, which are helpful to guide clinical disease stage and the choice of clinical treatment.