上海市3所高校护理专业学位硕士研究生对培养模式认知的质性研究

Cognition on Cultivation Mode of Specialty Master Nursing Students: A Qualitative Research

目的深入了解护理专业学位硕士研究生对培养模式的认知与真实体验。方法采用深度访谈法,围绕选择护理硕士专业学位的原因、对其了解程度和对学校培养模式的真实体验与感受等问题,对上海市3所高校的16名护理专业学位硕士研究生进行访谈,将获得的资料用Colaizzi关于现象学的7步分析法进行分析。结果提炼出3个主题。主题1:选择护理硕士专业学位的动机主要为被动接受学校调剂。主题2:对护理专业学位的了解感到迷茫与困惑。主题3:对护理专业学位培养模式的认知(正性和负性)。正性体验包括:(1)临床实践丰富,对专科理解深刻、科研思路广、社会适应力强;(2)医院学习平台多,对前沿知识把握度高。负性体验包括:(1)学校管理制度存在偏倚;(2)理论学习不足;(3)临床实践安排禁锢;(4)临床教学师资匮乏;(5)医院与学校培养衔接不佳。结论护理管理者应加强教育,促进学生对护理硕士专业学位的理解与认知,同时进一步完善护理硕士专业学位培养模式,为其学习与发展提供良好的平台,促进其充分发挥专业潜能、实现专业价值。

Objective To understand the real experience of specialty master nursing students and their cognition on cultivation mode. Methods Sixteen specialty master nursing students from three universities in Shanghai were selected by purposive sampling. The data of students’ motivation for the major, their understanding and real experience of the major were collected by in-depth interview, and data were analyzed by Giorgi’s phenomenological procedures. Results Three themes were extracted as followed. In terms of motivation, most students passively accepted the regulation of the university;meanwhile students were confused about professional degree. As to the real experience of the major, there were positive experience （adequate clinical practice, wide research area and good social adaptability; more learning platform and more frontier knowledge） and negative experience （imperfect school management, inadequate theoretical study, inflexibility of clinical practice, insufficient clinical teaching faculty and poor link-up between hospital and school）. Conclusion Nursing managers should promote students ’ understanding and recognition of the major, and perfect the cultivation mode to provide better learning platform, then to promote specialty master nursing students ’ professional potential.