河西灌区不同覆盖对土壤水温和玉米增产效应的影响

Effects of different mulching on soil temperature and corn yield-increasing effect in Hexi irrigated area

在河西灌区研究地膜覆盖春玉米栽培技术,探求不同覆盖方式对当地旱地春玉米土壤水温变化规律和玉米生长的影响。结果表明,玉米生育期内全膜覆盖的水分利用效率最高,膜上覆土次之;覆盖处理对土壤温度的影响主要集中在玉米生长前期。不同的覆盖处理均能够有效起到提高玉米产量的效果,砂田覆盖的推广潜力存在但推广难度较大,综合膜上覆土处理的水分利用效率和增温保温效果仅次于全膜覆盖,产量仅次于砂田覆盖。因此,膜上覆土能够为河西灌区春玉米高产高效提供保障,为大面积种植提供推广依据。

A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of different mulching patterns on soil temperature, soil moisture, maize growth and development yield and WUE. The results indicated that different mulching patterns showed significant temperature--increasing effect and moisture--preserving effect. The corn yield and WUE treated with different plastic films and mulching patterns were all significantly higher than those of CK. The sandy covering could significantly increase WUE of the plant, temperature of the surface soil, improve the corn yield, and achieve the maximum economic benefit, but it increases the difficulty to publicize the operation. In conclusion, the soil covering method can provide protection for high yield of Spring Maize in Hexi irrigated area and provide a basis for extending it to a large area plantation.