国外红碎茶的香气特征

Aroma characteristics of the broken black tea abroad

斯里兰卡、肯尼亚、印尼及印度等国盛产优质高香红碎茶,享誉世界。为了深入研究红碎茶主产国的香气特征,选取斯里兰卡乌瓦红茶BOP、斯里兰卡红茶BOPF、肯尼亚PF1、肯尼亚BMF、印尼BOPF、印尼FANN、印尼PD、印度阿萨姆BOPSM和印度阿萨姆OF共9种红碎茶,采用同时蒸馏萃取法(SDE)萃取其香气物质和气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)进行香气成分分析,比较各样品的香气特征。结果表明,以上9种红碎茶的香气成分总体上相似,但香气组分有较大差异,香气成分主要由碳氢化合物、醇类、醛类、酮类、酯类、酸类和杂氧化合物等组成,其中,反-2-己烯醛、苯乙醛、芳樟醇、水杨酸甲酯、己醛、β-紫罗酮、反-2,反-4-庚二烯醛、苯甲醛、植酮和β-环柠檬醛是红碎茶的主要香气成分。

Countries such as Sri Lanka, Kenya, Indonesia and India are known as main producers of high quality broken black tea. In order to study the aroma characteristics of the broken black tea from main producing countries, we selected nine kinds of broken black tea including Sri Lankan Uva black tea BOP, Sri Lankan black tea BOPF, Kenya PF1, Kenya BMF, Indonesia BOPF, Indonesia FANN, Indonesia PD, India Assam BOPSM and India Assam OF to analyze the aroma characteristics of each sample using SDE-GCMS hyphenated technique by detecting the aroma compounds. The results showed that the aroma compounds in the nine cultivars were similar, which were mainly composed of hydrocarbons, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, ester, acids and the mixed oxide compounds. However, the ratio of each aroma compound was quite different in which E-2-hexenal, phenylacetaldehyde, linalool, methyl salicylate, hexanal, beta-ionone, E,E-2, 4-heptadienal, benzaldehyde, 6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone and β-cyclocitral contents were high and formed the major aroma compounds.