不同育秧方式及壮秧剂对陕南稻麦油两熟区机插稻秧苗素质的影响

Effects of Seedling Raising Methods and Seedling Strengthening Agent on Seedling Growth of Machine Transplanting Rice in Wheat-rice or Wheat-rape Double Cropping Area in South Region of Shanxi Province

以常规中籼稻黄华占为供试品种,分别在露天湿润育秧和大棚旱育秧条件下,研究了壮秧剂和育秧母剂对陕南稻麦油两熟区机插稻秧苗生长的影响,旨在探索陕南地区机插秧超秧龄的调控措施,为该地区培育适宜机插的秧苗提供理论依据。结果表明,露天湿润育秧方式下,秧苗适栽期为播种后33 d,大棚旱育秧条件下,秧苗适栽期为播种后26 d;不同床土处理相比,表现为普通床土处理出苗率较高,壮秧剂处理次之,而育秧母剂处理最低;秧苗综合素质表现为育秧母剂处理>壮秧剂处理>普通床土处理。两种育秧方式相比,大棚旱育秧出苗率较高且有利于地上部和地下部的平衡生长。在陕南稻麦油两熟区可选择温室大棚旱育秧,能适当延长秧龄增加秧苗弹性,其次,充分利用设施大棚增加育秧期间积温的优势,采取适当延后播种的措施实现缩短秧龄,解决限制该地区机插秧推广的长秧龄问题。

Field experiment was carried out to study the effects of seeding raising methods and seedling strengthening agent on seeding growth of mechanical transplanting rice in wheat-rice or wheat-rape double cropping in south region of Shanxi Province. The results showed that the suitable transplanting period was 33 days after sowing （DAS） in wet seedbed and 26 days after sowing in dry seed-bed. In terms of seedling emergence rate, the seedlings grown without fertilizer performed better than the seedlings grown with fertiliz-er. In terms of seedling qualities, the seedlings grown with nutrition agent performed better than the seedlings grown with strengthening agent and without fertilizer. Compared to wet seedbed seedling raising, the seedling in dry seedbed can balance the growth of shoot and root, and the seeding emergence rate was higher. Overall, it appeared that a dry seedbed in the greenhouse was the better option to produce vigorous seedlings with better qualities in wheat-rice or wheat-rape double cropping area in south region of Shanxi Province. So, the over age seedlings was the limited factor for mechanical transplanting rice, it can be solved by postpone the sowing date in a dry seedbed, because greenhouse can improve the temperature in rice seedlings stage.