军事供应链供应商管理库存应用研究

On Application of Vendor-managed Inventory of Military Supply Chain

针对军队传统自储模式中需求放大、成本过高、协调不足等弊端,分析供应商管理库存(VMI)的必要性和可行性。从军事储备和物资属性角度界定军事供应链VMI模式的应用范围,简要给出VMI物资选择流程,指出VMI的应用条件。考虑军事物资随机需求与缺货成本,建立基于自储和VMI模式的军事供应链效益模型,利用公式推导得出:VMI能有效提高军事供应链库存水平,降低军事供应链整体成本;军方实施集成VMI较自储模式有成本优势。通过数值分析验证了VMI供应商收益可能受损,指出引入合理利益分配机制的必要性。

For such problems as demand magnification, high cost and lack of coordination in the traditional military self-stor-age mode, the necessity and feasibility of vendor-managed inventory （VMI） application is analyzed. The application scope of VMI of military supply chain is defined from the points of view of military reserves and material properties. A material selection process and application conditions for VMI are briefly given. Material’s stochastic demand and shortage costs are considered, and a benefit mod-el of military supply chain is built based on the two inventory models. The formula derivation shows that VMI can improve the inven-tory level and reduce the total cost of military supply chain, and that in terms of cost it is advantageous for the military to employ in-tegrated VMI. Numerical analysis shows that VMI vendors may suffer a profit reduction and hence it is necessary to introduce a rea-sonable profit allocation mechanism between the army and VMI vendors.