福州市土壤重金属污染现状评价与分析

Pollution Evaluation and Analysis of Heavy Metals in Soils of Fuzhou City

通过在福州市城区进行现场调查采样与测试分析,研究了该地区0~20cm表层土壤中5种典型重金属的累积状况,并采用污染指数法对土壤的重金属污染状况进行了评价。结果表明：参照福建省土壤背景值,福州市城区土壤中Hg、Cd、Pb积累明显,分别超过土壤背景值的183.95%、177.78%、55.19%;单项污染指数评价结果显示,Hg污染最严重,Cr污染最小;综合污染指数评价结果显示,福州市城区各功能区综合污染指数大小排序为工业区〉交通区〉居住区〉公园区,且均属于重度污染。

The accumulation characteristics of Hg,As,Cd,Cr and Pb in 0-20 cm topsoil are studied bymeans of field sampling and laboratory detection from urban districts in Fuzhou City, this paper evaluatesthe pollution status of those heavy metals by using the pollution index method based on the backgroundlevels of heavy metals in topsoil of Fujian Province. The results show that the concentrations of Hg,Cd andPb in urban topsoil accumulate significantly,and their average contents exceed corresponding standard lev-els by 183.95% ,177.78% and 55.19% respectively,with the comparison to the concentrations of soil ele-ments in Fujian Province. The evaluation on characteristics of heavy metal pollution in terms of area distri-bution by using single contamination index method indicates that Hg pollution is the most serious,and Crpollution is the least serious. Comprehensive contamination index evaluation results show that the sort ofsoil pollution index in functional areas are.industrial urban areatransportation districtresidential areapark district. The residential area, park district, transportation district and industrial urban area are all se-verely polluted.