本科层次高等职业教育:现状、挑战与方略

Undergraduate Higher Vocational Education: Status, Challenges and Development Strategies

高职本科是高等教育的一种"类型",是本科层次的"技术教育",其培养目标应主要定位在"技术型"人才。目前我国高职本科的办学形式主要有"联办"、"创办"、"试办"和"转办"等四种。高职本科发展面临的挑战是重学轻术的观念障碍、边界模糊的体制羁绊以及转型发展的条件约束。其发展路径包括:以合作办学为途径提升技术能力;以市场为导向提高专业建设水平;以"双师"为标准建设专业化师资队伍;以工作任务逻辑为依据开展实践教学;以STS教育理念为指导建设技术人文特色文化。

Undergraduate higher vocational educations （UHVE）, which mainly cultivate talents of technologists and technicians, is one type of higher education and is technical education of undergraduate level. Presently, there are four running forms of UHVE, which are co-running, independent-running, trial-running and transformational-running. The challenges of UHVE are the obstacle of concept that knowledge is more important than technology and skills, disorders of management and serf-limits for transformation and development. Its strategies include： to improve technological capacity steadily by means of cooperative education, to promote the level of specialty construction oriented in market needs, to optimize teaching staff by the standard of dual competency teachers, to carry out practice teaching according to the working task logic, and to construct a characteristic culture of technology and humanity under the guidance of STS education.