德国竞技体育核心竞争力研究

Study on the Core Competitive Power of Competitive Sports in Germany

本文主要采用专家访谈法、文献资料法和比较优势指数分析法,按照竞争力-竞技优势-核心竞争力的推导逻辑,对第27-30届奥运会德国竞技体育的金牌分布、奖牌分布、优势与潜优势项目分布、比较优势指数等方面进行了全面分析。深入剖析了德国竞技体育核心竞争力,从核心竞争力的挖掘、培养的形成路径中找寻规律,为中国竞技体育核心竞争力的形成提供参考。研究结果表明:德国竞技体育夺金大项数量呈递增趋势,金牌数量比较稳定,体育奖牌集中点比较明显,德国竞技体育核心竞争力是由作为主体层的马术、皮划艇、自行车、赛艇、曲棍球和作为支撑层的足球、击剑、铁人三项、柔道,在较长时间内世界最高竞技舞台上所表现出来的一种综合实力。

According to the derivation logic from competitive to competitive advantage to the core competence, the author has comprehensively studied gold distribution and medal distribution and the advantages and the potential advantages distribution and the comparative advantage index of the competitive sports in Germany from the 27th to the 30th Olympic games by using the methods such as expert interview and questionnaire and comparative advantage index analysis. The aim is to comprehensively study the core competence of Germany com- petitive sports. The results are the following. First, the number of gold medals of Germany competitive sports increased and is relatively stable. The overall competitive strength of canoeing and horseback riding and hockey are very outstanding. Second, the medal points of Germany competitive sports are quite obvious and the medals project strength of Germany competitive sports are stable. Third, canoeing and equestrian become the trump cards of the medal events of Germany competitive sports. Cycling and rowing and hockey become the focus projects of the medal events of Germany competitive sports. Fourth, the comparative advantage index results show that the core competitiveness of Germany competitive sports includes the main layer with equestrian and canoeing and rowing and cycling and hockey and the supporting layer with football and fencing and judo and iron three items in the highest arena for a long time.