梅洛—庞蒂早期对马克思实践唯物主义的现象学研究

Early Merleau-Ponty's Phenomenological Investigation on Marx's Practical Materialism

在20世纪40年代,梅洛-庞蒂从现象学角度集中讨论了马克思的实践唯物主义思想,把马克思实践唯物主义哲学分为两部分:一是对以往哲学二元论的批判,二是对实践唯物论的阐述。他指出,对二元论哲学的批判构成了马克思与现象学结合的理论起点,马克思实践唯物论的系列概念如"人的对象""社会性""历史辩证法"等,均可从现象学角度做出"完美"诠释。梅洛-庞蒂对马克思实践唯物主义的现象学解读有一定的创新意义,但在本质上误读了马克思。

Merleau-Ponty studied Marx’s Practical Materialism in the 1940 s.Marx’s Practical Materialism was divided into two parts by him：the critique of dualism and practical materialism.The former is the theoretical starting point of Marx combined with phenomenology.And many concepts of Marx’s practical ontology such as such as＂the human object＂,＂sociality＂,＂historical dialectics＂,could be＂perfectly＂interpreted from the perspective of phenomenology.There is some original significance in Meleau-Ponty’s phenomenological interpretation of Marx’s Practical Materialism,but it is a misreading of Marx in essence.